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Nécrologies

Lewis R. Binford (1931-2011)

Jean-Philippe Rigaud
p. 19-25

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1Lewis Roberts Binford est décédé le 11 avril 2011 à Kirksville (Missouri, USA). Il a été un chercheur et enseignant des plus créatifs et influents, mais aussi controversé, de sa génération. Son impact sur les buts et les théories de l’archéologie préhistorique a été stimulant et déterminant pour la communauté scientifique des cinquante dernières années.

2Né le 21 novembre 1931 à Norfolk (Virginie), il reçoit de 1948 à 1952 une formation en sylviculture et protection de la nature de l’Institut Polytechnique de Virginie. Après un engagement dans l’armée, il obtint une licence d’anthropologie à l’Université de Caroline du Nord en 1957 puis une maîtrise en 1958 et un doctorat en 1964 de l’Université de Michigan. Il fut l’élève entre autres, de J. B. Griffin, A.C. Spaulding, L. A. White et E. Odum qui ont marqué fortement sa personnalité scientifique.

3L. R. Binford a enseigné dans les universités de Michigan (1960-1961), de Chicago (1961-1965), de Californie à Santa Barbara (1965-1966), puis Los Angeles (1966-1968), du Nouveau Mexique (1968-1991) et à la Southern Methodist University à Dallas (1991-2001). Il a pris sa retraite en 2002 et s’est retiré à Kirksville (Missouri).

4Plus de 160 publications, dont plus de 20 ouvrages, jalonnent l’évolution des bases théoriques qui furent les siennes et présentent les résultats de ses recherches, ce qui constitue une œuvre exceptionnelle par son importance et son influence sur l’archéologie préhistorique de la fin du XXe siècle.

5Dans les années 1960, L. Binford fut à l’origine de ce qui fut appelé par la suite la « New Archaeology ». En opposition avec l’archéologie traditionnelle essentiellement descriptive et classificatoire et dont les données ne permettent pas de proposer d’interprétations nouvelles satisfaisantes en termes de comportements préhistoriques, L. Binford, dénonce le caractère strictement statique des données archéologiques et s’interroge sur la possibilité d’inférer à partir de celles-ci les éléments d’un comportement passé qui par définition est fondamentalement dynamique. La question est donc de savoir comment pouvons-nous passer d’un inventaire typologique à la reconstitution d’un comportement préhistorique ? Pour L. Binford, la démarche inverse s’impose, il convient de comprendre d’abord la dynamique des sociétés de chasseurs-collecteurs actuels ou sub-actuels, puis d’en étudier les produits statiques que sont les vestiges archéologiques pour les interpréter en termes de comportements. Cette archéologie processuelle implique dans l’étude des systèmes culturels sub-actuels ou passés, de multiples champs d’investigation et leurs interférences réciproques : technologies, stratégies de subsistance, d’approvisionnement et acquisition des matières premières, occupation du territoire, mobilité, structuration sociale des groupes humains, etc.

6C’est dans cette perspective que pour mener à bien une étude entreprise en 1966 avec Sally R. Binford, sur les causes de la variabilité des industries moustériennes, il engage en 1969, une recherche ethnoarchéologique d’un groupe esquimau Nunamiut d’Alaska.

7Le travail entrepris en 1966 sur le matériel provenant du site de Combe-Grenal par Lewis et Sally Binford fut à l’origine d’une controverse animée avec F. Bordes. Chacun étant parti d’un bout opposé de la démarche archéologique, le point de rencontre n’était pas facile à trouver. En fait, la controverse Bordes / Binford fut moins un débat qu’une radicalisation progressive des arguments des antagonistes. Aux convictions intimes de l’un, fondées sur une vision personnelle du quotidien préhistorique et sur un répertoire d’anecdotes ethnologiques, s’opposait les modèles ethnographiques de l’autre élaborés à partir d’enquêtes conduites dans des contextes environnementaux variés. L. Binford a reconnu par la suite sa désillusion devant le potentiel surévalué des données de F. Bordes qui se sont révélées insuffisantes pour atteindre ses objectifs. Finalement, un résultat positif de ce débat inachevé semble avoir été la diffusion de part et d’autre de l’Atlantique, au sein de la communauté scientifique internationale, des concepts, des arguments et des théories des écoles européenne et américaine, très différentes par leur origine, leurs méthodes et leurs objectifs. L’impact qu’allait avoir l’anthropologie culturelle dite « anglo-saxone » enrichie des apports du structuralisme, sur l’archéologie paléolithique française dont de nombreux acteurs demeuraient très fortement attachés à la tradition naturaliste, fut important et stimulant. Mais, longtemps mal connues et mal comprises, les idées avancées par L.R. Binford furent l’objet de critiques acerbes et partiales avant d’être par la suite progressivement prises en compte.

8Ceux qui ont connu L. R. Binford savent qu’il était d’une nature passionnée, chaleureuse et généreuse dont la créativité et les qualités pédagogiques ont su attirer de nombreux élèves et collaborateurs.

9L. R. Binford a conduit des recherches ou enseigné en Angleterre, Afrique du sud, Chine, France et en Inde. Reconnu internationalement, nommé Docteur honoraire de l’Université de Southampton (1983), Docteur honoris causa des Universités de Grenoble, France (1999), de Leiden, Pays-Bas (2000), de Verona, Italie (2005), élu membre correspondant de la British Academy (1997), il a été reçu la Huxley Memorial Medal du Royal Anthropological Institute of Britain (1986), le Prix de la Fondation Fyssen (2006) et celui de la Society for American Archaeology Lifetime Achievement (2008). Il était membre de la National Academy of Sciences américaine depuis 2001. La Society for American Archaeology a créé en mai 2011 une bourse Lewis R Binford pour le développement de l’enseignement du raisonnement scientifique en archéologie.

10Lewis R. Binford restera par ses écrits et ses élèves, celui qui a profondément marqué notre conception de l’archéologie préhistorique.

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Bibliography

Bibliographie par Johnson A. et Binford M.

Ouvrages

1961

General Systems Approach to Old World Archaeology. Publication N° .1, University of Michigan Anthropology series edited by Alan L. Mc Pherron, Anthropology Club, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

1961

Excavations at Fort Michilimackinac. coauthored with Moreau S. Maxwell, Contributions in Anthropology 1(1), Michigan State University, East Lansing. 230 pp.

Archaeological Investigations on Wassam Ridge. Archaeological Salvage Report 17, Southern Illinois University Museum, Carbondale, 116 pp.

1964

Archaeological and Ethno-historic Investigations of Cultural Diversity and Progressive Development among Aboriginal Cultures of Coastal Virginia and North Carolina. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.

1966

Archaeology at Hatchery West. coauthored with S.-R. Binford, R. Whallon, and M.A. Hardin, Archaeological Salvage Report #25, Southern Illinois University Museum, Carbondale, 152 pp.

1968

New Perspectives in Archaeology coedited with S.-R. Binford, Aldine Publishing Company, Chicago.

1970

Archaeology at Hatchery West. coauthored with S.-R. Binford, R. Whallon, and M.A. Hardin, Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology 24.

1972

An Archaeological Perspective. Seminar Press, New York, 464 pp.

1977

For Theory Building in Archaeology. Academic Press, New York, 419 pp.

1978

Nunamiut Ethnoarchaeology. Academic Press, New York, 504 pp.

1981

Bones: Ancient Men and Modern Myths. Academic Press, New York, 320 pp.

1983

In Pursuit of the Past. Thames and Hudson, London, 256 pp.

1984

Working at Archaeology. Academic Press, New York, 462 pp.

Die Vorzeit War Ganz Anders. (vorwort von Rudolf Partner) Hamack Verlag, Munchen, FDR (West Germany), 280 pp.

Faunal Remains from Klasies River Mouth. Academic Press, New York, 294 pp.

1988

En Busca del Pasado. (Traduccion de Pepa Gasull), Editorial Critics, Barcelona, Spain, 283 pp.

L’Homme de Néandertal. vol. 4 : La Technique Binford L. et J.-Ph. Rigaud (Editeurs), ERAUL ; Liège 217 p.

1989

Debating Archaeology. Academic Press, New York, 534 pp.

1990

Preistoria dell’Uomo. (Traduzione di Francesdo Di Mario), Rusconi Libri, Milan, Italy, 312 pp.

1991

Cultural Diversity among Aboriginal Cultures of Coastal Virginia and North Carolina. (revised edition), Garland, New-York. 280 pp.

2002

L’Ours et l’Homme, Tillet T.et. Binford L.-R. (Editeurs) ERAUL, Liège, 297 pp.

Articles dans journaux et périodiques

1959

Comments on the Siouan Problem, Ethnohistory 6:28-41.

1961

The Haltiner Copper Cache, Michigan Archaeologist 7(2):510.

1962

Archaeology as Anthropology, American Antiquity 28:217-225.

A Guide to Archaeological Excavations, Southwestern Lore 28(l):124 (with M.L. Papworth).

A Discussion of the Contrasts in the Development of the Settlement at Fort Michilimackinac under British and French Rule, Southeastern Archaeological Conference Newsletter 43(l):553.

A New Method of Calculating Dates from Kaolin Pipe Stem Samples, Southeastern Archaeological Conference Newsletter 9(l):19-25.

Radiometric Analysis of Bone Material from the Oconto Site, The Wisconsin Archaeologist 43:31-41.

1963

An Analysis of Cremations from Three Michigan Sites, The Wisconsin Archaeologist 44:98-110.

The Eastport Site, Antrim County, Michigan, Anthropological Papers, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan 19:72-123 (with M.L. Papworth).

The Hodges Site: A Late Archaic Burial Station, Anthropological Papers, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan 19:124-148.

Indian Sites and Chipped Stone Materials in the Northern Lake Michigan Area, Fieldiana, Anthropology 36:277-307 (with George I. Quimby).

A Proposed Attribute List for the Description and Classification of Projectile Points, Anthropological Papers, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan 19:193-221.

The Pomranky Site: A Late Archaic Burial Station, Anthropological Papers, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan 19:149-192.

Red Ocher Caches from the Michigan Area: A Possible Case of Cultural Drift, Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 19:89-108.

1964

A Consideration of Archaeological Research Design. American Antiquity 29:425-441.

1965

Analysis of Bone Material from the Medicine Crow Site (39BF2), Buffalo County, South Dakota, Anthropological Papers, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan 25:41-44.

Archaeological Systematics and the Study of Cultural Process, American Antiquity 31:203-210.

Colonial Period Ceramics of the Nottoway and Weanock Indians of Southeastern Virginia, Quarterly Bulletin of the Archaeological Society of Virginia 19(4):78-87.

Radioactive Assay of Bone Material from the Riverside Cemetery, Menominee County, Michigan, Anthropological Papers, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan 25:28-31.

Radiometric Analysis of Bone and Soil from Lloyd’s Rock Hole, Bedford County, Pennsylvania, Anthropological Papers, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan 25:35-40.

1966

A Preliminary Analysis of Functional Variability in the Mousterian of Levallois Facies, American Anthropologist 68:238-295 (with S.R. Binford).

The Predatory Revolution: A Consideration of the Evidence for a New Subsistence Level, American Anthropologist 68:508-512 (with S.R. Binford).

On Neolithic Diffusion Rates, Current Anthropology 7:88 (with Rex E. Gerald).

1967

Smudge Pits and Hide Smoking: The Use of Analogy in Archaeological Reasoning, American Antiquity 32:112.

An Ethnohistory of the Nottoway, Meherrin and Weanock Indians of Southeastern Virginia, Ethnohistory 14(34):whole number.

1968

Some Comments on Historical Versus Processual Archaeology, Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 24:267-275.

1969

Conceptual Problems in Dealing with Units and Rates of Cultural Evolution, Anthropology U.C.L.A. 1:27-35.

Stone Tools and Human Behavior, Scientific American 220(4):70-84 (with S.R. Binford).

1971

Archaeological Inquiry into Social Organization, Science 172:1225-1226.

1978

On Covering Law and Theories in Archaeology, Current Anthropology 19:631-632.

Dimensional Analysis of Behavior and Site Structure: Learning from an Eskimo Hunting Stand, American Antiquity 43:330-361.

1979

Organization and Formation Processes: Looking at Curated Technologies, Journal of Anthropological Research 35:172-197.

1980

Le Rôle de l’Ethnoarchéologie dans la Recherche Archéologique, Nouvelles de l’Archéologie (Paris) 3(4) :31-33.

Willow Smoke and Dogs’ Tails: HunterGatherer Settlement Systems and Archaeological Site Formation, American Antiquity 45:420.

1981

Behavioral Archaeology and the Pompeii Premise, Journal of Anthropological Research 37:195-208.

1982

Paradigms, Systematics, and Archaeology, Journal of Anthropological Research 38:137-153 (with Jeremy Sabloff).

The Archaeology of Place, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 1:131.

1984

Butchering, Sharing, and the Archaeological Record, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 3:235-257.

An Alyawara Day: The Stone Quarry, Journal of Anthropological Research 40:406-432 (with James F. O’Connell).

An Alyawara Day: Flour, Spinifex Gum, and Shifting Perspectives, Journal of Anthropological Research 40:157-182.

1985

BrandX versus the Recommended Product, American Antiquity 50:580-590.

Taphonomy at a Distance: Zhoukoudian, the Cave Home of Beijing Man?, Current Anthropology 26:413-442 (with Chuan Kun Ho).

Human Ancestors: Changing Views of Their Behavior, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 4:292-327.

1986

An Alyawara Day: Making Men’s Knives and Beyond, American Antiquity 51:547-562.

Zhoukoudian: A Closer Look, Current Anthropology 27:453-475 (with Nancy Stone).

1987

Understanding the Archaeological Record, Antiquity 61:203-209 (with Jeremy Sabloff and Patricia McAnany).

The Reluctant Shift from Hunting to Horticulture in North America, Social Science 72(l):44-47.

Data, Relativism, and Archaeological Science, Man n.s. 22:391-404.

1988

Hyena Scavenging Behavior and Its Implications for the Interpretation of Faunal Assemblages from FLK 22 (The Zinj Floor) at Olduvai Gorge, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 7:99-135 (with M.G.L. Mills and N.M. Stone).

Fact and Fiction about the Zinjanthropus Floor: Data, Arguments, and Interpretations, Current Anthropology 29:123-139.

The Hunting Hypothesis, Archaeological Methods, and the Past, Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 30:19.

1989

Styles of Style, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 8:51-67.

1990

Mobility, Housing and Environment: A Comparative Study, Journal of Anthropological Research 46:119-152.

The Resurgence of Historicism: Are HunterGatherers Pristine?, Bulletin of the Deccan College PostGraduate and Research Institute (India) 49:75-77.

Colonial Period Ceramics of the Nottoway and Weanock Indians of Southeastern Virginia [reprint], Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 45:147-160.

1991

Is Australian Site Structure Explained by the Absence of Predators? Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 10:128.

A Corporate Caribou Hunt, Expedition, 33(l):33-43.

1996

« Hearth and Home: The Spatial Analysis of Ethnographically Documented Rock Shelter Occupations. » Proceedings of the XIII Congress of the International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences. Forli, Italy

1997

Time as a Clue to Cause? Proceedings of the British Academy, 101, 1-35.

2000-2001

On Science Bashing: A Bashful Archaeologist Speaks Out. Bulletin of the Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute. Diamond Jubilee volume 60-61: pp. 329-335

2001

Where do Research Problems Come From? American Antiquity 66(4) :669-678

Contributions à des ouvrages

1968

Methodological Considerations of the Archaeological Use of Ethnographic Data, In: Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Aldine Publishing Company, Chicago, pp. 268273.

PostPleistocene Adaptations, In: New Perspectives in Archaeology. Sally R. Binford and Lewis R. Binford, eds. Aldine Publishing Company, Chicago, pp. 313342.

Archaeological Perspectives, In: New Perspectives in Archaeology. Sally R. Binford and Lewis R. Binford, eds. Aldine Publishing Company, Chicago, pp. 532.

1970

Participant Discussion, In: The Far West: Proposals for Research in Archaeology and Ethnology. C.W. Brott, E.L.Davis, and J.S. Green. eds. Museum of Man, San Diego, pp. 143.

1971

Mortuary Practices: Their Study and Their Potential, In: Approaches to the Social Dimensions of Mortuary Practices. James A. Brown. ed. Memoirs of the Society of American Archaeology N° . 25. pp. 629.

1972

Contemporary Model-Building Paradigms and the Current State of Palaeolithic Research, In: Models in Archaeology. David Clarke, ed. Methuen, London, pp. 106-166.

Evolution and Horizon as Revealed in Ceramic Analysis-A Step Toward the Development of Archaeological Science, In: The Conference on Historic Site Archaeology Papers, 1971, Volume 6. Columbia, South Carolina, pp. 117-125.

The « Binford »” Pipe Stem Formula: A Return from the Grave, In: The Conference on Historic Site Archaeology Papers, 1971, Volume 6, Columbia, South Carolina, pp. 230-253.

1973

Inter-assemblage Variability—the Mousterian and the « Functional Argument », In: The Explanation of Culture Change: Models in Prehistory. C. Renfrew, ed. Duckworth, London, pp. 227-254.

1975

Sampling, Judgment, and the Archaeological Record, In: Sampling in Archaeology. James W. Mueller, ed. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. 251-257.

1976

Nunamiut Demographic History: A Provocative Case, In: Demographic Anthropology. Ezra B.W. Zubrow, ed. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, pp. 63-144 (with Ezra B.W. Zubrow).

FortySeven Trips, In: Contributions to Anthropology: The Interior Peoples of Northern Alaska. Edwin S. Hall, ed. Archaeological Survey of Canada Paper 49. National Museum of Man Mercury Series. Ottawa, Canada, pp. 299-351.

1977

FortySeven Trips: A Case Study in the Character of Archaeological Formation Processes, in Stone Tools as Cultural Markers. R.V.S. Wright, ed. Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, Canberra, pp. 24-36.

Historical Archaeology-Lessons from the Nunamiut, In: Historical Archaeology and the Importance of Material Things. Leland Ferguson, ed. Society for Historical Archaeology Special Publication N° . 2. pp. 17-38.

Bone Frequencies and Attritional Processes, In: For Theory Building in Archaeology. Lewis R. Binford, ed. Academic Press, New York, pp. 77-153 (with Jack B. Bertram).

Introduction, In: For Theory Building in Archaeology. Lewis R. Binford, ed. Academic Press, New York. pp. 113.

1982

Meaning, Inference, and the Material Record, In Ranking Resource and Exchange. C. Renfrew and S. Shennan, eds. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. pp. 160-163.

Objectivity-Explanation-Archaeology, 1981, In: Theory and Explanation in Archaeology. C. Renfrew, M.J. Rowlands, and B.A. Segraves, eds. Academic Press, New York, pp. 125-138.

1983

Long Term Land Use Patterns: Some Implications for Archaeology, In: Lulu Linear Punctated: Essays in Honor of George Irving Quimby. Robert C. Dunnell and Donald K. Grayson, eds. Anthropological Papers, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan N° . 72, pp. 27-54.

1986

In Pursuit of the Future, In: American Archaeology Past and Future: A Celebration of the Society for American Archaeology 19351985. David J. Meltzer, Don D. Fowler, and Jeremy A. Sabloff, eds. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., pp. 459-479.

1987

Researching Ambiguity: Frames of Reference and Site Structure, In: Method and Theory for Activity Area Research. Susan Kent, ed. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 449-512.

Searching for Camps and Missing the Evidence: Another Look at the Lower Paleolithic, In: The Pleistocene Old World: Regional Perspectives. Olga Soffer, ed. Plenum, New York, pp. 17-31.

1988

Were There Elephant Hunters at Torralba? In The Evolution of Human Hunting. M.H. Nitecki and D.V. Nitecki, eds. Plenum, New York, pp. 47-105.

1989

Isolating the Transition to Cultural Adaptations: An Organizational Approach, In: The Emergence of Modern Humans. Erik Trinkaus, ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 18-41.

The « New Archaeology », Then and Now, In Archaeological Thought in America. C.C. LambergKarlovsky, ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 50-62.

The Potential of Experiments in Lithic Technology, In: Experiments in Lithic Technology. Daniel S. Amick and Raymond R Mauldin, eds. BAR International Series 528, pp. 1-14 (with D.S. Amick and R.P. Mauldin).

1990

Étude taphonomique des restes fauniques de la Grotte Vaufrey, Couche VII, In : La Grotte Vaufrey : Paleoenvironnements, Chronologic, Activites Humaines. JPh. Rigaud, ed. Memoires Societe Prehistorique Francaise N° . 19, pp. 535-563.

1991

When the Going Gets Tough, The Tough Get Going: Nunamiut Local Groups, Camping Patterns, and Economic Organization. In: Ethnoarchaeological Approaches to Mobile Campsites: Hunter Gatherer and Pastoralist Case Studies, W.A. Boismier and C.W. Gamble, eds. International Monographs in Prehistory, Ann Arbor, pp. 25-137.

There is Always More We Need to Know, In: The First Americans. T.D. Dillehay and D.J. Meltzer, eds. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

Seeing the Present and Interpreting the Past-and Keeping Things Straight, In Space, Time and Archaeological Landscapes. J. Rossignol and L. Wandsnider, eds. Plenum Press, New York.

1992

Subsistence, a Key to the Past, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution, S. Jones, R. Martin, and D. Pilbeam, eds. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 365-368.

Bones for Stones: Considerations of Analogues for Features Found on the Central Russian Plain. In: From Kostenki to Clovis: Upper Paleolithic PaleoIndian Adaptations, O. Soffer and N.D. Praslov, eds. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 101-124.

1994

Systematic Integration of ‘Fragmentary Oddments’: The Challenge of Settlement Pattern Approaches, In: Archaic Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology in the American Southwest, Bradley Vierra, ed. Eastern New Mexico University Contributions in Anthropology vol. 13, N° 1, pp. 527-565.

1999

François Bordes: 1919-1981. In: The Great Archaeologists, edited by Timothy Murray, (2) 759-774. ABCCLIO, Inc Santa Barbara, California.

2001

Constructing Frames of Reference: An Analytical Method for Archaeological Theory Building Using Ethnographic and Environmental Data Sets University of California Press, Berkeley, California. 563 pages.

2002

L’interaction ethnographique Homme-Ours et les gisements européens d’ours des cavernes In : L’ours et l’Homme, edited by T. Tillet and L. R.Binford. pp. 141-155. Etudes et Recherches Archéologiques de l’Université de Liège, Liège.

In Pursuit of the Past, second edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, California., 261 pages.

2004

Beliefs about Death, Behavior, and Mortuary Practices among Hunter-gathers: a search for Causal Structure. In: Explaining social change: studies in honour of Colin Renfrew. Edited by J. Cherry, C. Scarre and S. Shennan. pp .1-15. McDonald Institute Monography, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge University. Cambridge.

Niche: A Productive Guide for Use in the Analysis of Cultural Complexity. In: Processual Archaeology: Exploring Analytical Strategies, Frames of Reference, and Culture Process. Edited by Amber L. Johnson. Praeger Publishers, Westport Ct.

En busca del pasado. (Traduccion de Pepa Gasull). Biblioteca de Bolsillo, Critica, Barcelona. 283 pp. 

2005

Contemplation of the Hidden Issues Suggested by the Word « Historical ». In: In praise of the Poet Archaeologist: Papers in Honor of Stanley South and His five Decades of Historical Archaeology. Edited by L.-F. Carnes-Mchaughton & Carl Steen. Publications in South Carolina Archaeology, Number 1, The Council of South Carolina Professional Archaeologists.

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References

Bibliographical reference

Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Lewis R. Binford (1931-2011)PALEO, 22 | 2011, 19-25.

Electronic reference

Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Lewis R. Binford (1931-2011)PALEO [Online], 22 | 2011, Online since 13 April 2012, connection on 19 March 2024. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/paleo/2059; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/paleo.2059

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